Lecture summary for BMS1011

Description

Atoms & Atomic Structure – bonding, Lewis structures, VSEPR, polarity Chemical Equilibrium – acids/bases, Ka/pKa, pH, buffers Functional Groups – organic functional groups, nomenclature, physical properties Chirality – stereoisomers, E/Z, R/S, enantiomers & diastereomers Lipids – TAGs, fatty acids, phospholipids, membranes, steroids Carbohydrates – sugars, anomers, glycosidic bonds, starch, glycogen & cellulose Amino Acids & Proteins – pI, amino acid charge, protein structure Thermodynamics – entropy, Gibbs free energy & spontaneity Protein Structure & Function – folding, haemoglobin, cooperativity, sickle cell, collagen & membrane proteins Enzymes – catalysis, specificity, kinetics, Km/Vmax, inhibition & allostery Metabolism & Bioenergetics – catabolism, anabolism, ATP & reaction coupling Biological Oxidation – redox, NADH/FADH₂ & electron transport CAC & Oxidative Phosphorylation – chemiosmosis, ATP synthase & uncoupling Carbohydrate & Lipid Catabolism – glycolysis, pyruvate, glycogenolysis & β-oxidation Amino Acid Metabolism – transamination, ammonia, urea cycle & carbon skeletons Carbohydrate Synthesis – glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis & glucose-alanine cycle Lipid Synthesis – lipogenesis, TAGs, cholesterol, lipoproteins & ketone bodies Integration of Metabolism – liver, adipose, muscle, heart, brain, RBCs & fed vs fasting states.