BIOM20001 Molecular and Cellular Biomedicine COMPLETE NOTES

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Comprehensive Molecular and Cellular Biomedicine notes! - Includes all topics from BIOM20001 in detail: Biochemistry, Genetics, Cell Biology, Immunology, and Pathology - Includes contents and page numbers for easy navigation Topics included: BIOCHEMISTRY Amino acids and peptides - Overview of free energy - Making unfavourable reactions go - Sources of energy in a cell - Features of amino acids - Amino acids - Peptide bond - Dihedral angles - Protein folding and unfolding - Chaperones - Forces that drive protein folding - Ramachandran plot - Alpha helices - Beta sheets - Reverse turns - Hierarchy of protein structure - Domains, folds, modules Protein Function - Quaternary structure and protein structure - Protein-ligand binding - Haemoglobin - Transport of H+ and CO2 by haemoglobin - Effect of BPG on haemoglobin - Carbon monoxide poisoning Enzymes - Overview of enzymes - Importance of enzymes - Types of enzymes - Enzyme kinetics - Michaelis-menten model - Double-reciprocal plots - Comparing enzyme activity - Enzyme inhibitors - Allosteric regulation Lipids - Fatty acids - Dietary fats and triacylglycerols - Membrane lipids - Membrane composition and properties - Integral and peripheral membrane proteins - Hydropathy plots - Membrane transport Carbohydrates - Overview of carbohydrates - Monosaccharides - Glycosidic bonds - Polysaccharides structure and function - Protein glycosylation - ABO blood group antigens - Cell recognition using carbohydrates - Glucose transporters Metabolism - Glycolysis I: Preparatory phase - Glycolysis II: Payoff phase - Gluconeogenesis - Glycogen synthesis and breakdown - Krebs cycle - Oxidative phosphorylation - Electron transport chain - ATP synthesis - Allosteric regulation of glycolysis - Tissue specificity - Glucagon signalling - Adrenaline signalling - Insulin signalling - Overview of cell signalling - GPCR signalling - RTK signalling GENETICS Genome, chromosome & gene - What is a genome? - What is a gene - Pseudogenes - Repetitive elements - Chromatin structure - Origins of replication - Telomeres - Centromeres - Transcription: RNA pol - Transcription: initiation - Transcription: elongation and termination - Splicing - Genetic code - Translocation Gene regulation - General principles - Ligand-regulated DNA binding - Lac operon - Eukaryotic gene regulation - Globin gene regulation - Globin gene mutations & disease - Epigenetics Cancer - Introduction to cancer - Oncogenes and tumour suppressors - DNA damage and repair - Oncogene examples - P53 - Metastasis - Cancer progression - Epigenetics Development - Introduction to development - Key concepts of development - Drosophila segment hierarchy - Model organisms - DNA sequencing - Human genome projects - Personal genomics - Frontiers of genetics in human health CELL BIOLOGY - Intracellular Organisation - Intracellular organisation - Protein translocation into the ER - Mitochondrial transport - Nuclear transport - Vesicular transport - Transport between ER and golgi - Golgi to cell exterior - Endocytosis Cell Signalling - Principles of cell signalling - G Protein Coupled Receptors - Enzyme coupled receptors Cytoskeleton, Cell Cycle, ECM - Function and dynamics of the cell cytoskeleton - Actins and myosins - Microtubules and MMPs - Intermediate filaments - Cell polarity and the coordination of the cytoskeleton - S phase - Mitosis - Cytokinesis - Cytokinesis - Control of cell division and cell growth - Cells, issues and cell junctions - Cadherins and adherens junctions - Adherens junctions - Extracellular matrix of animals - Cell matrix junctions Cancer - Microevolutionary process - Cancer-critical genes IMMUNOLOGY The immune system - Overview of the immune system - Innate immunity - B cells and Ab - Diversity in Ab and T cells - Antigen presentation - T cell effector function PATHOLOGY Injury and Cell death - Cells, tissues, organs - Adaptation - Injury - Morphology and mechanisms of cell injury - Necrosis - Apoptosis - Necrosis vs apoptosis - Regeneration and repair Inflammation - Introduction to inflammation - Acute inflammation - Recruitment - Removal Immune mediated disease - Overview - Tolerance - Autoimmunity - Immunodeficiencies - Organ Transplantation - Hypersensitivity - Type I hypersensitivity - Type II hypersensitivity - Type III hypersensitivity - Type IV hypersensitivity Cancer - What is cancer? - Epidemiology - Diagnosis - Cancer genes Good luck :)