In this Section:

1. Overall Changes

2. Chapter-by-Chapter Changes

Overall Changes:

· Updated research – Throughout the text, research on key students and methods have been updated to reflect developments in the field. Updated areas include:

o The use of DBS and TMS in treatment of drug addiction

o Use of small interfering RNA for treatment of Huntington’s disease

o Optogenetic methods to restore sight in blinded animals

o Genes involved in regulation of body weight

o Bbrain mechanisms of recognition of people’s voices

o Universal features of written languages

o Trial of gene delivery to the basal ganglia to treat Parkinson’s disease

· Revised material - Material throughout the text has been revise to reflect advanced in science. Updated areas include:

o Role of prion proteins in normal brain development

o Role of MCH and orexin in the appetite-reducing effects of nicotine

o Role of alleles of the a5 ACh gene in nicotine addiction

o Role of glial infection in AIDS dementia complex

o Role of DISC1 mutation in schizophrenia and depression

o Role of kisspeptin in onset of puberty

o Role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in extinction of conditioned emotional responses

o Role of 5-HT in moral judgments

o Role of PKM-zeta in long term potentiation and learning

o Role of place cells, grid cells, head-direction cells, and border cells in spatial Congenital amusia learning

o Role of COMT gene in susceptibility to PTSD

o Role of prion-like transmission of misfolded Ab in Alzheimer’s disease

· New material - other new material throughout the text includes:

o Cross-cultural recognition of nonverbal emotional vocalizations

o Effect of season of birth on development of depression

o Effects of oxytocin on social interaction in autistic disorders

o Identification of osmoreceptors involved in thirst

o Increased auditory input to the visual cortex in blind people

o Musical processing in the brains of newborn infants

o Mirror neurons and therapy after stroke

o Neural mechanisms of homeostatic, allostatic, and circadian factors in control of sleep

o New section on traumatic brain injury

o Treatment of PTSD with TMS

Chapter-by-Chapter Changes:

Chapter 2:

• Role of prion proteins in normal brain development

Chapter 5:

• Research on optogenetic methods to restore sight in blinded animals

Chapter 7:

• Congenital amusia
• Increased auditory input to the visual cortex in blind people
• Musical processing in the brains of newborn infants

Chapter 8:

• Neural mechanisms of homeostatic, allostatic, and circadian factors in control of sleep

Chapter 9:

• Role of kisspeptin in onset of puberty

Chapter 10:

• Role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in extinction of conditioned emotional responses
• Role of 5-HT in moral judgments
• Cross-cultural recognition of nonverbal emotional vocalizations

Chapter 11:

• Identification of osmoreceptors involved in thirst
• Research on gen